As a companion to our list of books published by non-tenure-track historians in 2020, here is a list of journal articles (and a few book chapters) published by the same sorts of scholars. Unlike the book list, however, this is not a list you should use to go purchase access to these articles. If you click on a link below, encounter a charge for access, and pay it, none of that money would go to the author. Scholars are not paid for journal articles, nor do they earn royalties. Some of the pieces are freely accessible, however, so click through to check. You can also contact the author directly; they may have a copy of their piece they are allowed to share.
Antony Adler, “Deep horizons: Canada’s underwater habitat program and vertical dimensions of marine sovereignty,” Centaurus 62, no. 4 (November 2020): 763-782.
In the 1960s and 1970s, scuba technology, underwater cameras, and documentarians revealed a long‐hidden underwater world to the public. At this time oceanographic science was growing exponentially. Historians of the marine sciences have focused their studies of the period on institutional and military partnerships, and on the scientist‐administrators who shaped oceanographic research institutions (such as the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, and the British National Institute of Oceanography). Underwater habitat development during the 1960s and 1970s, however, deserves greater attention than it has yet received, as it highlights a peculiar confluence of military, scientific, and popular interest, characteristic of the period, in the colonization of the seafloor. Existing accounts have focused on American habitats, notably Sealab and Tektite, since these were the largest and best funded. But this approach overemphasizes a Cold War narrative in which the sole protagonists of the habitat programs were the United States and the Soviet Union. At least 65 habitats were built between 1962 and 1991. Some were state‐sponsored, with significant programs run by French, German, Japanese, and Canadian teams. This essay takes as a case study the Canadian Sublimnos habitat as well as the underwater exploration programs it helped launch in Newfoundland (Lora‐I) and in the Arctic (Sub‐Igloo). The Canadian case demonstrates that technological expertise and public enthusiasm for underwater exploration should not be solely understood with reference to Cold War interests of the two superpowers. Rather, the international range of habitat programs of the 1960s and 1970s reveals an expanding interest in the vertical underwater dimension that was fueled by numerous national scientific aims and territorial claims.
Nicole Belolan, “The Material Culture of Gout in Early America,” in Making Disability Modern: Design Histories, ed. Elizabeth Guffey and Bess Williamson (New York: Bloomsbury, 2020): 19-42.
Making Disability Modern: Design Histories brings together leading scholars from a range of disciplinary and national perspectives to examine how designed objects and spaces contributes to the meanings of ability and disability from the late 18th century to the present day, and in homes, offices, and schools to realms of national and international politics. The contributors reveal the social role of objects – particularly those designed for use by people with disabilities, such as walking sticks, wheelchairs, and prosthetic limbs – and consider the active role that makers, users and designers take to reshape the material environment into a usable world. But it also aims to make clear that definitions of disability-and ability-are often shaped by design.
Brooke Kathleen Brassard, “Proselytizing, Building, and Serving: Latter-Day Saint Missionaries in Manitoba and Eastern Canada, 1897-1942,” Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses (November 2020).
This article will consider missionary work performed in Manitoba and Eastern Canada, and how The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints progressed toward integration into Canadian society as another established minority religion searching for potential new members. By navigating through their Canadian settings, Latter-day Saint missionaries adjusted themselves and their Church to local expectations and environments, and constructed a new home for Mormonism in Canada. Three ways that Latter-day Saint missionaries negotiated their place in Canada include evolving relationships with the Canadian public through missionary encounters, renting meeting spaces from fraternal organizations and then constructing their own meetinghouses, and organizing local, auxiliary organizations that aided non-members. The Canadian context, the Latter-day Saint missionary experience, and the growth of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Canada, reveals a process of negotiation. There exists a tension between integration and otherness. Latter-day Saints balanced this tension by on some levels maintaining their distinctiveness, while at the same time blending into Canadian expectations. How the Latter-day Saint missionaries responded to these barriers, the challenges related to communicating with the Canadian public, finding spaces to congregate, local leadership roles, and participating in different aspects of Canadian society, tells a story of a new religion integrating into a new environment.
Adam Bursi, “Scents of Space: Early Islamic Pilgrimage, Perfume, and Paradise,” Arabica: Journal of Arabic and Islamic Studies 67, no. 2-3 (2020): 200-234.
Within some of the earliest textual and material evidence for the history of Islam, pilgrimage appears as an important ritual of devotion, identity, and community. Yet modern scholarship has given little attention to early Muslims’ sensory experiences of pilgrimage sites and what they physically encountered while there. This article examines the importance of smell within Islamic pilgrimage practices of the first/seventh and second/eighth centuries. Drawing upon literary and material evidence, I reconstruct several olfactory components of pilgrimage in this period, including intensive usage of perfume and incense at pilgrimage destinations such as the Kaʿba and the Dome of the Rock, as well as pilgrims’ collection and ingestion of scented materials from these locations. I then argue that the prominence of pleasing aromas at these sacred spaces is connecting to early Islamic ideas about the proximity of paradise to these pilgrimage sites.
Samuel M. Clevenger, “Transtemporal Sport Histories; or, Rethinking the ‘Invention’ of American Basketball,” Sport in Society 23, no. 5 (2020): 959-974.
The predominant narrative on the history of basketball assumes that James Naismith ‘invented’ the game in 1891. This narrative argues the game emerged as a modern sport different in design and significance from pre-existing, ‘pre-modern’ ballgames. Naismith is now generally accepted as the singular ‘inventor’ of modern basketball. This essay introduces the ‘transtemporal history’ in conversation with postcolonial and decolonial theory as a framework for critiquing the notion of ‘inventions’ in sport history. A transtemporal framework, informed by French historian Fernand Braudel’s concept of the ‘longue durée’, highlights the episodic expression of contested, yet enduring ideas across a long time span, serving to destabilize the temporal dichotomies of Western modernity that essentialize the nature and meaning of ‘pre-modern’ games. The essay outlines the transtemporal history and explores its potential utility by critiquing the notion that basketball was ‘invented’ by a singular subject in the global history of organized ballgames.
Sarah Dylla, “A Cauldron in Atlanta: Reflections on a Reluctant Symbol for an Image-Obsessed City,” Public Art Dialogue 10, no. 2 (2020): 185-195
Laura C. Forster, “The Paris Commune in the British socialist imagination, 1871–1914,” History of European Ideas 46, no. 5 (2020): 614-632.
This article is concerned with manifestations of the memory of the Paris Commune in Britain in the decades after 1871. It is about how the Commune was incorporated into the mythology, the canon, of British socialism, and how the memory of the Commune furnished British socialism with powerful and useful symbols. In highlighting the ways in which the events of 1871 captured the British socialist imagination, what follows shows how, despite its oft-emphasised insularity, British socialism was made through the incorporation and appropriation of both native and foreign ideas, symbols, and traditions. The powerful mythologies and symbolism associated with the Commune were taken up by socialists in Britain, and highlight an important intersection between British and French political cultures in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
Roel Frakking and Martin Thomas, “Indrukken van de microdynamiek van revolutionair en contrarevolutionair geweld. Bewijs uit laat-koloniaal Zuidoost-Azië en Afrika vergeleken,” Low Countries Historical Review, 135, no. 2 (2020): 111-131.
Based on a comparison of decolonisation conflicts in Southeast Asia and Africa, in this contribution, Roel Frakking and Martin Thomas study the local population’s experience of revolutionary and counter-revolutionary violence. The authors approach the microdynamics of violence based on concepts of political violence developed in the context of research into civil wars. The microdynamics of violence are studied by means of three themes. The first concerns the striking asymmetry in power relationships that typify decolonisation conflicts, dealing with various violence strategies. The second theme is the nature and composition of locally recruited paramilitary groups that were involved in much of the local violence studied here. Making a target of the local population, who were not involved in the acts of war, but whose status as ‘citizens’ acutely exposed them to violence, is the third theme. From these themes, the authors distil the concept of ‘internal border areas’. They argue that these areas were ‘grey areas’, in which the power of the colonial state became fragmented. It was in precisely these areas that the state security forces and their adversaries were involved in the most violent clashes in their attempts to enforce the local population’s cooperation, and hence obtain structural social control.
Edward Guimont, “An Arctic Mystery: The Lovecraftian North Pole”, Lovecraft Annual, no. 14 (2020): 138-65.
Edward Guimont, “An Historical and Environmental Reading of August Derleth’s “Ithaqua,” Dead Reckonings, no. 27 (Spring 2020): 71-81.
Edward Guimont, “The Blinding of Orion: The Problematic Promotion of Pulse Propulsion,” Quest: The History of Spaceflight 27, no. 4 (Winter 2020): 3-12.
Rachel M. Gunter, “Immigrant Declarants and Loyal American Women: How Suffragists Helped Redefine the Rights of Citizens,” The Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 19, no. 4 (2020): 591-606.
As a result of the woman suffrage movement, citizenship and voting rights, though considered separate issues by the courts, became more intertwined in the mind of the average American. This interconnectedness was also a product of the concurrent movement to disfranchise immigrant declarant voters—immigrants who had filed their intention to become citizens but had not completed the naturalization process. This essay shows how suffragists pursued immigrant declarant disfranchisement as part of the woman suffrage movement, arguing that the same competitive political conditions that encouraged politicians to enfranchise primarily white, citizen women led them to disfranchise immigrant declarants. It analyzes suffragists’ arguments at both the state and national levels that voting was a right of citizens who had met their wartime obligations to the nation, and maintains that woman suffrage and the votes of white women who supported the measures disfranchising immigrant declarants and limiting immigrant rights should be included in historians’ understanding of the immigration restrictionist and nativist movements.
Rachel M. Gunter, “‘They Think I Have Forgotten All About the Past’: Suffragists’ Struggle for Acceptance in Politics in Arizona and Texas,” Journal of Arizona History 61, no. 2 (June 2020): 231- 240
The suffrage movement and women’s experiences in politics in Arizona and Texas have remarkable similarities, despite their differing timelines. Arizona enfranchised women before Texas, which granted women the ability to vote in the all-white primary in 1918 and ratified the Nineteenth Amendment in 1919, the first southern state to do so. While the Texas Legislature passed a state amendment for full suffrage in 1919, the required referendum failed.
Anna Klein Danziger Halperin, “An Unrequited Labor of Love: Child Care and Feminism,” in “Public Feminisms,” special issue, Signs 45, no. 4 (Summer 2020): 1011–1034.
The struggle American parents face accessing high-quality, affordable child care for children under five has been a topic of increasingly frequent and intense public debate in recent years, with many asking why there is no universal child care in America. Examining one particular feminist campaign for public child care—the National Organization for Women (NOW)’s advocacy around the 1971 Comprehensive Child Development Act—illuminates how competing logics within a single organization have hindered advocacy for this important policy. I find that deeply rooted racial and class divisions and policy disputes over the function of child care, both within society at large and reflected among the NOW membership, kept it from successfully advocating for a feminist vision of child care that could prioritize the needs of poor women most in need of material assistance but still speak to all women’s need for child care across these divides. Given that NOW was a newly formed organization, examining the structural obstacles that inhibited its effectiveness and how it strategically chose how to allocate limited resources provides this insight. We need to understand both the functions and the intersections between the ideological choices and their material manifestations if we are to understand the future prospects for the public provision of child care.
Erika Harlitz-Kern, “The Puzzle of the Banquet Hall of the Dukes. The Professionalization of Swedish Historical Research Studied Through Ludwik Fleck’s ‘Though Collective’ and ‘Thought Style’,” History and Theory 59, no. 1 (2020): 3–21.
Sky Michael Johnston, “Printing the Weather: Knowledge, Nature, and Popular Culture in Two Sixteenth-Century German Weather Books,” Renaissance Quarterly 73 no. 2 (2020): 391-440.
This article analyzes two vernacular German books that offered learned guidance for how to use natural observation as a means of gaining knowledge of the weather. Published a combined seventy-seven times throughout the sixteenth century, the “Wetterbüchlein” (Weather booklet) and “Bauern Practica” (Peasants’ practica) were commercially successful and widely circulated. Printers marketed the books as being accessible to anyone and reinforced that claim in the paratextual features of the books. In text and image, these books promoted the idea that even common people could participate in the production of knowledge based on the proper observation of nature.
Inger N.I. Kuin, “Against Hybridity: When Greeks (Under Rome) Were Greeks,” Histos 14 (June 2020): 83-92.
Inger N.I. Kuin, “The Life of the Biographer: Plutarch’s Presence in Sulla, Antony, and Otho,” in Reconciling Ancient and Modern Philosophies of History, ed. Aaron Turner (Berlin: De Gruyter, 2020),207-230.
The distinction between ancient and modern modes of historical thought is characterized by the growing complexity of the discipline of history in modernity. Consequently, the epistemological and methodological standard of ancient historiography is typically held as inferior against the modern ideal. This book serves to address this apparent deficit. Its scope is three-fold. Firstly, it aims at encountering ancient modes of historical and historiographical thought within the province of their own horizon. Secondly, this book considers the possibility of a dialogue between ancient and modern philosophies of history concerning the influence of ancient historical thought on the development of modern philosophy of history and the utility of modern philosophy of history in the interpretation of ancient historiography. Thirdly, this book explores the continuities and discontinuities in historical method and thought from antiquity to modernity. Ultimately, this volume demonstrates the necessity of re-evaluating our assumptions about the relation of ancient and modern historical thought and lays the groundwork for a more fruitful dialogue in the future.
Tyson Leuchter, “Finance Beyond the Bounds of the Fiscal-Military State: Debt, Speculation and the Renovation of Nineteenth-Century French Financial Capitalism,” French History (August 2020).
Focusing on the Paris Stock Exchange in the early nineteenth century, this article examines the renovation of public debt and speculation following financial, political and military collapse. Though financial capitalism at the Exchange in the eighteenth century had been located mostly within the architecture of the fiscal-military state, the fallout of the Revolution and the defeat of the Napoleonic regime eliminated this option. Rather than military competition, financial capitalism at the Exchange in the nineteenth century was rebuilt by focusing inwards, by being linked to political values such as defined property rights, a particular vision of liberty and theories of representative government. Financial capitalism was still connected to empire, however; the reconstruction of financial capitalism at home helped to establish the conditions for exporting capital abroad, in the pursuit of informal empire. The article thus shows how financial capitalism came to be aligned with the political good in the post-revolutionary world.
Emily Lieb, “The Most Peculiar City in America,” Journal of Urban History 46, no. 6 (2020): 1407-1412.
David Loner, “Alice Ambrose and the American Reception of Wittgenstein’s Philosophy of Mathematics, 1935-75,” Journal of the History of Philosophy 58, no. 4 (October 2020): 779-801
Alice Ambrose (1906–2001) worked throughout her intellectual life to unpack her teacher Ludwig Wittgenstein’s contributions to philosophy. Unlike her more renowned Cambridge-educated colleagues, Ambrose endeavored as an American logician to account for how it was that Wittgenstein challenged not only philosophers’ prior conceptions of ordinary language but also the very epistemic premises on which doing philosophy was conceived. For as she maintained, the “peace” Wittgenstein offered philosophy was in effect the dissolution of mathematicallogical misunderstandings. Drawing on materials both private and published, this article seeks to uncover the transatlantic origins of Ambrose’s postwar meditations on the resolution of philosophical problems in mathematical logic. Throughout, I will show that a key to understanding the American reception of Wittgenstein’s “therapeutic” philosophy after 1945 is Ambrose’s unique engagement with her teacher’s work and with the history of philosophy.
Madeleine Mant, “Inpatients at the St. John’s General Hospital: Morbidity in late 19th-century Newfoundland and Labrador,” Canadian Bulletin of Medical History 37, no. 2 (2020): 360-394.
This research analyzes the role of the St. John’s General Hospital in late nineteenth-century Newfoundland and Labrador using extant admission and discharge records from 17 May 1886 to 30 December 1899. Most individuals were discharged from the hospital as “cured” or “convalescent.” Trauma, musculoskeletal issues, and respiratory diseases were the most common reasons for admission, with males significantly more likely to seek care for trauma, sexually transmitted infections, and kidney/bladder issues. Female inpatients were significantly more likely to be admitted for tumours/cancers, anemia, digestive issues, and issues concerning the female anatomy. Notable were the short hospital stays for tuberculosis, indicating the General played an important role before the founding of the St. John’s Sanatorium. A snapshot of late nineteenth-century morbidity reveals the complex risks facing citizens of St. John’s and beyond who sought care at the General, which played a key role in the rapidly modernizing medical ecosystem.
Madeleine Mant and Andrew Prine, “Medicine by correspondence in Newfoundland and Labrador, 1911,” Canadian Medical Association Journal 192, no. 22 (June 2020).
Madeleine Mant, “For those in peril on and off the sea: Merchant marine bodies in 19th-century St. John’s, Newfoundland,” International Journal of Maritime History 32, no. 1(2020): 23-44.
Nineteenth-century admission records to the St. John’s General Hospital have recently been made available for analysis. Records are extant from 17 May 1886 to 30 December 1899, and of the 5,995 admissions during this period, it was possible to identify 294 unique male merchant seafarers. Individuals were most frequently admitted due to traumatic conditions, respiratory diseases, and sexually transmitted infections, results which resonate with previous historical studies of seafaring health. Cross-referencing individual seafarer’s hospital admissions with crew list agreements from the Registrar General for Shipping and Seamen allowed for an examination of time spent in port before hospital admission, which provides a unique contribution to the historical literature on the health of the maritime workforce. This research sheds light upon the healthcare experience of merchant seafarers in the key port city of St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, emphasizing the value of hospital records in broader studies of occupational risks and hygiene.
Catherine Medici, “The Extremity of Illness: Mary Sidney, Early Modern Women’s Chronic Illness, and Disability Studies,” in “Early Modern Women’s Dis/Abilities,” forum, Early Modern Women Journal 15, no. 1 (Fall 2020):107-118.
Alexandra McKinnon, “’I am proud of them all and we all have suffered’: World War I, the Australian War Memorial and a family in war and peace,” Australian Journal of Biography and History, no. 3 (2020): 103-115.
Five members of the Corney family served in World War I. Four returned. The impact of this loss-and the losses suffered by thousands of Australian families during the war-lingers in archival records. This article focuses on Rebecca Corney (1862-1943) and her evolving relationship with the Australian War Memorial (AWM). Corney saw three sons, a daughter and a son-in-law serve. Her middle son, Lieutenant Hubert Hume Corney, known generally as ‘Hume’, was killed in action at Broodseinde Ridge in 1917. Extending from 1927 to 1942, Rebecca Corney’s correspondence with the AWM provokes a reconsideration of several objects displayed in its galleries. Her correspondence reflects a family profoundly affected by World War I, and experiences of grief and loss that extended beyond the confines of the conflict. This article presents a biographical profile of one family and a tentative exploration of the broader impact of individual grief on the development of archival records relating to World War I. Focusing on engagement between Australian families and the AWM, it explores how families engaged with memory-making and with the state in the aftermath of the war. It includes a biography of the Corney family prior to and during World War I, an examination of the collecting processes of the AWM and a consideration of the impact of these donations. Some of these donations remain on display today but are presented in a different context to that in which they were donated.
Matthew Minarchek, “Creating environmental subjects: Conservation as counter-insurgency in Aceh, Indonesia, 1925–1940,” Political Geography 81 (August 2020).
This article examines the creation of Gunung Leuser Wildlife Reserve in the highlands of Aceh, Indonesia within the context of the Dutch-Aceh War in the early twentieth century, arguing that conservation was used as a form of counter-insurgency. While the agendas of the colonial military and conservationists diverged at times, they overlapped in their goals to secure Leuser from resident communities, whom they viewed as a threat to colonial order and the ecologies of the region. This article draws together the discourses of militarized conservation with their material implications. It does so by examining the nexus of military and conservation discourses, the historical context of park creation, and the processes by which colonial actors stole rights to land and created new laws and regulations dictating the people’s relationships with and access to land. Scholars have shown that conservation discourses continue to normalize human rights abuses, Indigenous dispossession and displacement, and deadly violence against local peoples. These discursive tactics frame expertise and responsibility as residing in the hands of white elites who are tasked with saving imperiled environments from the people who depend on them for subsistence. I suggest that the military and conservation agendas were both operating within overlapping, constructed frameworks of crisis and emergency that constituted the resident communities as anti-environmental subjects. Discourses of environmental crisis in Leuser held a power that justified militarization while concealing the violence from international constituencies at a historical moment when an ideology of Western responsibility for threatened species around the world was growing. Moreover, the history of Leuser as viewed through the analytical framework of militarized conservation helps us rethink the history of Aceh. Through this framework, it becomes evident that the Dutch-Aceh War did not end in 1913, as many historians suggest, but instead continued throughout the colonial period.
Diana Moore, “Romances of No-Popery: Transnational Anti-Catholicism in Giuseppe Garibaldi’s The Rule of the Monk and Benjamin Disraeli’s Lothair” The Catholic Historical Review 106, no. 3 (2020): 399-420.
Through an analysis of Conservative British politician Benjamin Disraeli’s Lothair (1870) and Italian patriot Giuseppe Garibaldi’s The Rule of the Monk (1870), this article highlights the connections between anti-Catholic literature and anti-Catholic politics in Victorian Britain and reveals how a diverse set of transnational actors simultaneously shaped and utilized British anti-Catholic discourses. It argues that not only did anti-Catholicism motivate British support for the Risorgimento, but the actors and events of the Risorgimento and the Papal response to it informed and reinforced popular anti-Catholic beliefs.
Diana Moore, “Revolutionary Domesticity: The Feminist Strategies of Anglo-Italian Mazzinian Nationalists,” Journal of Women’s History 32, no. 3 (2020): 14-37.
This article examines the work of three women—Giorgina Craufurd Saffi, Sara Levi Nathan, and Jessie White Mario—who were active in the transnational networks of Italian unification and Victorian feminism as a case study. It reveals that nineteenth-century feminists achieved their most radical and egalitarian goals by using more traditional, conservative, or elitist language. To do so it examines how these women created marriages based on the ideals of partnership and equality, participated in the campaigns against state-regulated prostitution, and claimed an active role in Italian revolutionary politics. This examination of their rhetorical strategies reveals their use of traditional discourses of domesticity and maternity as well as their leverage of Protestant and English superiority in Italy. Acknowledging the realistic limits of mid-nineteenth century feminism, however, this article claims that we must focus not just on their language but also on the radical and feminist activities they engaged in using that language.
Kelly O’Donnell, “The Case Against the Doctors: Gender, Authority, and Critical Science Writing in the 1960s,” Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences 75, no. 4 (October 2020): 429–447.
In the 1960s, widespread popular-cultural deference to the authority of science and medicine in the United States began to wane as a generation of journalists and activists reevaluated and criticized researchers and physicians. This article uses the career of feminist journalist Barbara Seaman to show the role that the emerging genre of critical science writing played in this broader cultural shift. First writing from her position as a mother, then as the wife of a physician, and finally as a credentialed science writer, Seaman advanced through distinct categories of journalistic authority throughout the 1960s. An investigation of Seaman’s early years in the profession also vividly demonstrates the roles that gender and professional expertise played in both constricting and permitting new forms of critique during this era.
James Parisot, “The Intersections of Capitalism and American Empire,” in “Capitalism and American Empire,” ed. James Parisot, special issue, Journal of Historical Sociology 33, no. 1 (March 2020) 2– 9.
There was a time when many American white politicians and settlers loved empire. They embraced empire. They knew they were building an empire and took pride in it. William Henry Drayton, for instance, stated in 1776, as the idea of an independent United States was forming, “the Almighty setteth up; and he casteth down: He breaks the Sceptre, and transfers the Dominion: He has made Choice of the present Generation to erect the American Empire.” Yet by 2003, as bombs began to drop on Iraq, Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld famously claimed “We don’t seek empires. We’re not imperialistic. We never have been.”
Sam Robinson, Megan Baumhammer, Lea Beiermann, Daniel Belteki, Amy C. Chambers, Kelcey Gibbons, Edward Guimont, Kathryn Heffner, Emma-Louise Hill, Jemma Houghton, Daniella McCahey, Sarah Qidwai, Charlotte Sleigh, Nicola Sugden, and James Sumner, “Innovation in a crisis: Rethinking conferences and scholarship in a pandemic and climate emergency,” The British Journal for the History of Science (November 2020): 1-16.
It is a cliché of self-help advice that there are no problems, only opportunities. The rationale and actions of the BSHS in creating its Global Digital History of Science Festival may be a rare genuine confirmation of this mantra. The global COVID-19 pandemic of 2020 meant that the society’s usual annual conference – like everyone else’s – had to be cancelled. Once the society decided to go digital, we had a hundred days to organize and deliver our first online festival. In the hope that this will help, inspire and warn colleagues around the world who are also trying to move online, we here detail the considerations, conversations and thinking behind the organizing team’s decisions.
Jessica S. Routhier, “Fellow Journeyers Walt Whitman and Jesse Talbot: Painting, Poetry, and Puffery in 1850s New York,” Walt Whitman Quarterly Review 38 (2020), 1-37.
Patrick H. Salkeld, “The Viral Game: The Global Football Community’s Response to Epidemics and Pandemics in the Twenty-First Century,” in “Pandemics in Historical Perspective,” special issue, The Middle Ground Journal, no. 19 (2020): 1-20.
The twenty-first century has seen health crises related to SARS, Swine Flu, Ebola, Zika, and COVID-19. Nations cooperated with supranational groups when deciding what to do with football operations in these crises except during the COVID-19 pandemic when the “Ostrich Alliance” viewed it as interference with their sovereignty.
Jordan E. Taylor, “Enquire of the Printer Newspaper Advertising and the Moral Economy of the North American Slave Trade, 1704–1807,” Early American Studies 18 (Summer 2020): 287–323.
In eighteenth-century North America, slavery was a powerful economic pillar supporting the printing business. Runaway advertisements, for example, were a lucrative and consistent source of revenue for printers. But there was another, largely unnoticed link between slavery and print capitalism: thousands of newspaper advertisements directed readers to “enquire of the printer” for information about the sale of enslaved people. These notices put printers in a position to bring together buyers and sellers of enslaved human beings—effectively acting as brokers of the slave trade. Most printers in eighteenth-century North America seem to have engaged in this practice. Despite complaints from a few late eighteenth-century antislavery writers, who recognized the hypocrisy of placing these advertisements alongside materials that advanced a revolutionary vision of political liberty, American printers continued to broker slave sales until their economic incentives shifted in the early nineteenth century. If newspapers aided the creation of American Revolutionary and national politics, as scholars have long argued, they also contributed to the perpetuation of slavery and the slave trade. Print culture was inextricable from the culture of slavery, just as print capitalism was slavery’s capitalism.